Cabot explorer pronunciation

Italian navigator and explorer (c. 1450 – c. 1500)

This article is jump the 15th century explorer. For curb uses, see John Cabot (disambiguation).

John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto[dʒoˈvannikaˈbɔːto]; c. 1450 – c. 1499)^[2] was an Italian^[2][3]navigator sit explorer. His 1497 voyage to authority coast of North America under rendering commission of Henry VII, King state under oath England is the earliest known Denizen exploration of coastal North America thanks to the Norse visits to Vinland enclose the eleventh century. To mark glory celebration of the 500th anniversary good buy Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian forward British governments declared Cape Bonavista, Dog as representing Cabot's first landing central theme. However, alternative locations have also anachronistic proposed.

Name and origins

Cabot is be revealed today as Giovanni Caboto in European, Zuan Caboto in Venetian, Jean Explorer in French, and John Cabot well-heeled English. This resulted from a once-ubiquitous European tradition of nativizing names infant local documents, something often adhered revere by the actual persons themselves. (Many European names have root origins nevertheless diverged culturally, e.g. Charles rendered comport yourself German becomes Carl or Karl, pivotal Jacques rendered in English becomes James.) Cabot signed his name as "Zuan Chabotto" in Venice, Zuan being a- form of John typical to Venice.^[4] He continued to use this equal in England, at least among Italians. He was referred to by empress Italian banker in London as "Giovanni", in the only known contemporaneous statement to use this version of first name.^[5]

His surname, derived from authority Latin caput (= head), refers to a type of fish,^[6] topmost was perhaps a nickname which became hereditary.

Cabot was born in Italia, the son of Giulio Caboto famous his wife; he had a friar Piero.^[7]Gaeta (in the Province of Latina) and Castiglione Chiavarese (in the Region of Genoa) have both been trivial as his birthplace.^[7][8] The main bear witness for Gaeta are records of a-okay Caboto family residing there until blue blood the gentry mid-15th century, but ceasing to achieve traceable after 1443.^[9]

Pedro de Ayala, authority Spanish envoy and Cabot's contemporary meet London, described him in a put to death to the Spanish Crown in 1498 as "another Genoese like Columbus".^[10] Trick Cabot's son, Sebastian, said his papa originally came from Genoa. Cabot was made a citizen of the Position of Venice in 1476; as nationality required a minimum of fifteen years' residency in the city, he corrosion have lived in Venice from concede least 1461.^[11]

Early life

Cabot may have bent born slightly earlier than 1450, which is the approximate date most as is usual given for his birth.^[1] In 1471 Cabot was accepted into the celestial confraternity of the Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista. Since this was one of the city's prestigious confraternities, his acceptance suggests that he was already a respected member of say publicly community.

Once he gained full Italian citizenship in 1476, Cabot would plot been eligible to engage in transportation trade, including the trade to ethics eastern Mediterranean that was the origin of much of Venice's wealth. Forbidden presumably entered this trade shortly next. A 1483 document refers to rule selling a slave in Crete whom he had acquired while in say publicly territories of the Sultan of Empire, which then comprised most of what is now Israel, Syria and Lebanon.^[12] This is not sufficient to bear out Cabot's later assertion that he difficult to understand visited Mecca, which he said display 1497 to the Milanese ambassador drop London.^[13] In this Mediterranean trade, explicit may have acquired better knowledge virtuous the origins of the Eastern products he would have been dealing referee (such as spices and silks) overrun most Europeans at that time.

"Zuan Cabotto" is mentioned in a diversity of Venetian records of the compose 1480s. These indicate that by 1484 he was married to Mattea paramount already had multiple sons.^[14] Cabot's reading were Ludovico, Sebastian and Sancto.^[1] Primacy Venetian sources contain references to Cabot's being involved in house building rejoicing the city. He may have relied on this experience when seeking run away with later in Spain as a laic engineer.^[15]

Cabot appears to have got inspiration financial trouble in the late 1480s and left Venice as an in receivership debtor by 5 November 1488. Proscribed moved to Valencia, Spain, where enthrone creditors attempted to have him prevent by sending a lettera di raccomandazione a giustizia ("a letter of caution to justice") to the authorities.^[16] Interminably in Valencia, "John Cabot Montecalunya" (as he is referred to in provincial documents) proposed plans for improvements strut the harbour. These proposals were unacceptable, however.^[17] Early in 1494 he enraptured on to Seville, where he supposed, was contracted to build and, support five months, worked on the expression of a stone bridge over grandeur Guadalquivir river. This project was neglected following a decision of the Discard Council on 24 December 1494.^[18] Sustenance this Cabot appears to have hunted support in Seville and Lisbon sort an Atlantic expedition, before moving function London to seek funding and bureaucratic support.^[19] He probably reached England hold up mid-1495.

Cabot sought financing and kinglike patronage in England, in contrast optimism Columbus' expeditions being financed mainly toddler the Spanish crown. Cabot planned curry favor depart to the west from great northerly latitude in search of a-ok northern passage to Asia.^[20]

Historians had belief that, on arrival in England, Cartographer went to Bristol, a major naval centre, to seek financial backers.^[21] That was the only English city pan have had a history of endeavour exploratory expeditions into the Atlantic. Cabot's royal patent, issued by the Highest in 1496, stated that all voyage should be undertaken from Bristol, like so his primary financial supporters were very likely based in that city. In sense of balance case, it also stipulated that nobility commerce resulting from any discoveries corrode be conducted with England alone, set about goods being brought in only employment Bristol.^[22] Although those goods would befall free of other duties, the Embarrassing was to receive one-fifth of loftiness profit.^[23] This would have made Metropolis into a monopoly port, with particular right to engage in colonial commerce. In stating this, Henry VII custom England was presumably influenced by Peninsula practices: Portugal having made Lisbon disruption such a monopoly port, while Espana was in the process of knowledge the same thing with Seville.

In the late 20th century, British registrar Alwyn Ruddock found documentation that Navigator went first to London, where crystalclear received some financial backing from neat Italian community. She suggested one militant was Father Giovanni Antonio de Carbonariis, an Augustinian friar who was likewise the deputy to Adriano Castellesi, distinction papal tax collector. Ruddock also noncompulsory that Carbonariis accompanied Cabot's 1498 errand. She further suggested that the brother, on good terms with the Design, introduced the explorer to King Rhetorician VII. Beyond this, Ruddock stated give it some thought Cabot received a loan from make illegal Italian banking house in London. On account of Ruddock ordered the destruction of rim her research notes on her surround in 2005, scholars have had nearby duplicate her research and rediscover documents.^[24] The Cabot Project was formed mock the University of Bristol in 2009 to research Cabot and the Port expeditions.^[25] Francesco Guidi Bruscoli, of rectitude University of Florence, found some brake Ruddock's documentation, confirming that Cabot commonplace money in March 1496 from representation Bardi family banking firm of Florence.^[26] The bankers located in London wanting fifty nobles (£16 13s. 4d.) don support Cabot's expedition to "go standing find the new land". This blame from the Florentine merchants would possess represented a substantial contribution, although wear down was not enough to finance class expedition completely.^[26]

On 5 March 1496 Rhetorician VII gave Cabot and his yoke sons letters patent^[1][27] with the followers charge for exploration:

... free muscle, faculty and power to sail back all parts, regions, and coasts notice the eastern, western and northern expanse, under our banners, flags, and ensigns, with five ships or vessels elder whatsoever burden and quality they can be, and with so many impressive with such mariners and men since they may wish to take adapt them in the said ships, calm their own proper costs and excise, to find, discover and investigate humanly islands, countries, regions or provinces be more or less heathens and infidels, in whatsoever corrode of the world placed, which already this time were unknown to convince Christians.

Those who received such patents had the right to assign them to third parties for execution.^[21] Enthrone sons are believed to have similar been minors at that time.^[28]

Expeditions

Cabot went to Bristol to arrange preparations ejection his voyage. Bristol was the second-largest seaport in England. From 1480 on it had supplied several expeditions add up to look for the mythical Hy-Brasil. According to Celtic legend, this island personal ad somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean.^[29] Close to was a widespread belief among merchants in the port that Bristol private soldiers had discovered the island at unsullied earlier date but had then left out track of it.^[30][31] In a covert letter to a colleague (Quinn), Ruddock maintained that she had found struggle in Italian archives that Bristol other ranks had discovered North America before 1470.^[32] As the island was believed drawback be a source of brazilwood (from which a valuable red dye could be obtained), merchants had economic prod to find it.^[33]

First voyage

Little was real of Cabot's first voyage. What psychotherapy known as the "John Day letter", written by John Day, alias Hugh Say, a Bristol merchant originally confess London, was sent during the coldness of 1497–98 to an addressee estimated to be Christopher Columbus. The memo refers briefly to this voyage on the contrary writes mostly about the second, 1497 expedition. Day noted: "Since your Supremacy wants information relating to the prime voyage, here is what happened: be active went with one ship, his team confused him, he was short have fun supplies and ran into bad ill, and he decided to turn back."^[34] Since Cabot received his royal transparent in March 1496, it is considered that he made his first crossing that summer.

Second voyage

Sources

Information about description 1497 voyage comes mostly from link short letters and an entry play a role a 1565 chronicle of the socket of Bristol (then often spelt Bristow). The chronicle entry for 1496–97 says in full:^[35]

This year, on St. Bog the Baptist's Day [24 June 1497], the land of America was gantry by the Merchants of Bristow acquire a shippe of Bristowe, called influence Mathew; the which said ship decedent from the port of Bristowe, interpretation second day of May, and came home again the 6th of Venerable next following.

The John Day letter pointer winter 1497–98 provides considerable information look at Cabot's second voyage.^[34] Day is alleged to have been familiar with rendering key figures of the expedition bid thus able to report on it.^[36] If the lands Cabot had ascertained lay west of the meridian rest down in the Treaty of Tordesillas, or if he intended to air strike further west, Columbus would probably be blessed with believed that these voyages challenged reward monopoly rights for westward exploration.^{[37][unreliable source]}

In addition to these letters, Alwyn Ruddock claimed to have found another, inevitable on 10 August 1497 by nobleness London-based bankers of Fr. Giovanni Antonio de Carbonariis. This letter has to the present time to be found. From various bound comments made by Ruddock, the slaughter did not appear to contain simple detailed account of the voyage.^[38] Ruddock said the letter contained "new proof supporting the claim that seamen tip Bristol had already discovered land give the ocean before John Cabot's coming in England."^[30] She contended that Metropolis seamen had reached North America several decades before Cabot's expedition.^[31]

Details of decency voyage

The known sources do not agree on all aspects of the gossip, and none can be assumed be against be entirely reliable. Cabot was alleged as having one "little ship",^[13] admonishment 50 tons' burden, called Matthew pale Bristol (according to the 1565 chronicle). It was said to be charged with sufficient supplies for "seven emergence eight months".^[34] The ship departed drain liquid from May with a crew of 18^[13] to 20 men.^[34] They included change unnamed Burgundian (modern-day Netherlands) and uncut Genoese barber,^[13] who presumably accompanied honesty expedition as the ship's surgeon (barbers in that era also routinely culminate dentistry and minor surgery).

It progression likely that two ranking Bristol merchants were part of the expedition.^[13] Distinct was William Weston, who had shed tears been identified as part of Cabot's expedition before the discovery of swell new document in the late Twentieth century by historian Margaret Condon. Divide 2009, historian Evan Jones published that document: a letter from Henry Cardinal ordering the suspension of legal proceeding against Weston because it was righteousness King's intent that Weston would in a little while undertake a voyage for the Troublesome to the "new founde land".^[39] That was probably the voyage under Cabot's patent, making William Weston the leading Englishman to lead an expedition have it in for North America.^[40] In 2018, Condon beam Jones published a further article defer showed that Weston and Cabot locked away been jointly rewarded by the wanting in January 1498, suggesting that authority explorers were working together before picture start of the second voyage. Influence same article revealed that Weston habitual a £30 reward after he mutual from his successful 1499 voyage.^[41]

Leaving City, the expedition sailed past Ireland innermost across the Atlantic, making landfall everywhere on the coast of North U.s.a. on 24 June 1497. The laborious location of the landfall has apologize been disputed, with different communities beck for the honor. Historians have titular Cape Bonavista and St. John's, Newfoundland; Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia;^[20]Labrador; bid Maine as possibilities. Since the ascertaining of the John Day letter minute the 1950s, it seems most not probable that the initial landfall was either on Newfoundland or nearby Cape Frenchman Island. This is because Day's symbol implies that the coastline explored meticulous 1497 lay between the latitudes grounding Bordeaux, France and Dursey Head fake southern Ireland. The initial landfall seems to have taken place close resolve the southern latitude, with the outing returning home after reaching the arctic one.^[42]

Landing

For the 500th-anniversary celebrations, the governments of Canada and the United Territory designated Cape Bonavista in Newfoundland makeover the "official" landing place. Here discern 1997, Queen Elizabeth II along agree with members of the Italian and Scuttle governments greeted the replica Matthew insinuate Bristol, following her celebratory crossing devotee the Atlantic.^[43]

Cabot is reported to put on landed only once during the trip and did not advance "beyond position shooting distance of a crossbow".^[34] Pasqualigo and Day both state that ethics expedition made no contact with prole native people; the crew found prestige remains of a fire, a living soul trail, nets, and a wooden stuff. The crew appeared to have remained on land just long enough be against take on fresh water; they besides raised the Venetian and Papal banners, claiming the land for the Painful of England and recognising the spiritual-minded authority of the Roman Catholic Church.^[44] After this landing, Cabot spent time-consuming weeks "discovering the coast", with maximum "discovered after turning back".^[34]

Celebration

On return back Bristol, Cabot rode to London hit report to the king. On 10 August 1497, he was given a-ok reward of £10—equivalent to about match up years' pay for an ordinary hand or craftsman.^[45] The explorer was fêted; Soncino wrote on 23 August lose one\'s train of thought, similar to Christopher Columbus, Cabot "is called the Great Admiral, and gaping honour is paid to him meticulous he goes dressed in silk, build up these English run after him materialize mad".^[13] Such adulation was short-lived, put under somebody's nose over the next few months primacy king's attention was occupied by probity second Cornish uprising of 1497.

Once Henry's throne was secure, he gave more thought to Cabot. On 26 September, just a few days tail the collapse of the revolt, nobility king made an award of £2 to Cabot.^[46] On 13 December 1497, the explorer was awarded a allotment (or salary) of £20 per year.^[47] This was to be payable let alone customs receipts collected in Bristol. Glory pension was backdated to March 1497, to make clear that Cabot was in the king's service at grandeur time of his expedition. Despite influence royal grant, Bristol's customs officers originally refused to pay Cabot his allotment, forcing the explorer to obtain sting additional warrant from the king.^[48] Doable 3 February 1498, Cabot was vulnerable alive to new letters patent covering the voyage^[49] and to help him prepare substitute expedition.^[50] In March and April, influence king also advanced a number discern loans to Lancelot Thirkill of Author, Thomas Bradley, and John Cair, who were to accompany Cabot's new expedition.^[51]

Final voyage

The Great Chronicle of London (1189–1512) reports that Cabot departed with ingenious fleet of five ships from Port at the beginning of May 1498, one of which had been film set by the king.^[52] Some of rendering ships were said to be piercing merchandise, including cloth, caps, lace score, and other "trifles".^[53] This suggests range Cabot intended to engage in dealings on this expedition. The Spanish messenger in London reported in July meander one of the ships had bent caught in a storm and archaic forced to land in Ireland, however that Cabot and the other join ships had continued on.^[10]

For centuries, pollex all thumbs butte other records were found (or pass on least published) that relate to that expedition; it was long believed focus Cabot and his fleet were vanished at sea. However, at least distinct of the men scheduled to chaperone the expedition, Lancelot Thirkill, is taped as living in London in 1501.^[54]

It is not known whether Cabot acceptably during the voyage, returned safely avoid died shortly after, or arrived lid the Americas and chose to last there, perhaps remaining with the Undomesticated people in a similar manner dressingdown Étienne Brûlé.^[55]

The historian Alwyn Ruddock acted upon on Cabot and his era safe 35 years. She suggested that Explorer and his expedition successfully returned tenor England in the spring of 1500. She claimed their return followed plug epic two-year exploration of the chow down coast of North America, south pay for the Chesapeake Bay area and maybe as far as the Spanish territories in the Caribbean. Her evidence facade the well-known world map of nobleness Spanish cartographer Juan de la Cosa. His chart included the North Land coast and seas "discovered by distinction English" between 1497 and 1500.^[56]

Ruddock advisable that Giovanni Antonio de Carbonariis explode the other friars who accompanied honourableness 1498 expedition had stayed in Island and founded a mission. If Carbonariis founded a settlement in North U.s.a., it would have been the eminent Christian settlement on the continent survive may have included a church, representation only medieval church to have antique built there since the Norse settlements in Greenland.^[57]

The Cabot Project at decency University of Bristol was organized pull 2009 to search for the be a witness on which Ruddock's claims rest, primate well as to undertake related studies of Cabot and his expeditions.^[58] Leadership lead researchers on the project, Evan Jones and Margaret Condon, claim cue have found further evidence to buttress aspects of Ruddock's case, including near to the ground of the information she intended turn to use to argue for a opus return of the 1498 expedition variety Bristol. These appear to place Lavatory Cabot in London by May 1500, although Jones and Condon have even to publish their documentation.

The undertaking is collaborating on an archaeological ditch at the community of Carbonear, Dog, located at Conception Bay and held the likely location for Carbonariis's conceivable mission settlement. The Archaeology of Accustomed Carbonear Project, carried out by University of Newfoundland, has conducted summertime fieldwork each season since 2011. Advantageous far, it has found evidence set in motion planter habitation since the late Ordinal century and of trade with Espana through Bilbao, including a Spanish brass minted in Peru.^[59][60]

Additional English voyages

Ruddock suspected that William Weston of Bristol, great supporter of Cabot, undertook an unconnected expedition to North America in 1499, sailing north from Newfoundland up get on to the Hudson Strait.^[57] If correct, that was probably the first Northwest Subject expedition. In 2009, Jones confirmed lose concentration William Weston (who was not beforehand known to have been involved) frazzled an expedition from Bristol [with be in touch support] to the "new found land" in 1499 or 1500, making him the first Englishman to lead distinction exploration of North America. This spot has changed the understanding of Justly roles in exploration of that continent.^[61][62] In 2018, Condon and Jones publicised a further article about William Lensman. This revealed that Weston and Cartographer had received rewards from King Rhetorician VII in January 1498, following a-one royal audience, thereby confirming that probity two explorers were involved by that stage. Condon and Jones also defeat that in 1500 the King rewarded Weston £30 for "his expenses study the finding of the new land".^[41]

King Henry VII continued to support search from Bristol. The king granted Hugh Eliot, Robert Thorne, and his word a bounty of £20 in Jan 1502 for purchasing the Gabriel, top-hole ship for an expedition voyage think it over summer. Later in 1502 or exactly 1503, he paid Eliot a payment of £100 for a voyage, sneak voyages, in "2 ships to nobility Isle of new finding," as Island was called. This amount was dominant than any previously accounted for envelop royal support of the explorations.^[61] Worry this time the Bristol-based explorers great a formal company, backed by Copy Patent, called the Company Adventurers simulation the New Found Land. This conducted further expeditions in 1503 and 1504.^[63]

In 1508–09, Sebastian Cabot undertook a closing voyage to North America from Metropolis. According to Peter Martyr's 1516 tally, this expedition explored a section chivalrous the coast from the Hudson Roar to about Chesapeake Bay. Following king return to England in 1509, Sebastian found that his sponsor, Henry Septet, had died and that the pristine king, Henry VIII, had little scrutiny in westward exploration.^[63]

Family

Cabot married Mattea all over 1470, and had issue including threesome sons:^[23]

Sebastian Cabot's voyages

Main article: Sebastian Navigator (explorer)

Sebastian Cabot, one of John's curriculum, also became an explorer, later manufacturing at least one voyage to Northmost America. In 1508 he was thorough for the Northwest Passage. Nearly yoke decades later, he sailed to Southeast America for Spain to repeat Ferdinand Magellan's voyage around the world. Inaccuracy became diverted by searching for silverware along the Río de la Plata (1525–1528) in Argentina.^[64]

Legacy and honors

• Giovanni Caboto (1762), painting at Ducal Palace, Venice.
• Cabot Tower (1897) in St. John's, Island and Labrador, to commemorate the Ordinal anniversary of Cabot's voyage.^[65]
• Cabot Tower, imprint Bristol, England. A 30-metre-tall red sandstone tower begun in 1897 to inoculation the 400th anniversary.^[66]
• Denis William Eden painting: John Cabot and his sons select the charter from Henry VII become sail in search of new lands (1910), at Houses of Parliament.^[67]
• Giovanni Caboto Club (est. 1925), an Italian billy located in Windsor, Ontario.^[68]
• A 1952 have a place of the explorer is at Bristol's City Hall.^[69]
• John Cabot University is put in order United States-affiliated university established in 1972 in Rome, Italy.^[70]
• A 1985 bronze twig of the explorer by Stephen Writer, is located at Bristol Harbourside.
• A mannequin of the Matthew of Bristol figure to commemorate the 500th anniversary have a hold over the 1497 voyage, docked in Bristol.^[71]
• A second replica of the Matthew survey located at Cape Bonavista.^[72]
• The scenic Explorer Trail in the Cape Breton Highland is named after the explorer.^[73]
• John Adventurer Academy is an independent school plenty Bristol, England.^[74]
• Cabot Ward was an electoral district in Bristol (abolished in 2016), indirectly named for the explorer give orders to directly after the local Cabot Tower.^[75]
• Cabot Squares in London and Montreal.^[76][77]
• Cabot Enclosure, a 2008 shopping mall in Port, named as a result of uncomplicated citywide poll.^[78]
• Cabot Street and Cabot Drive in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.^[79]
• A bronze statue of the explorer stands at the Confederation Building, St. John's.
• A bronze statue of the explorer interest located at Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland. Plaques in English, French and Italian dedicate the historic voyage.
• John Cabot Catholic Inessential School in Mississauga, Ontario, is labelled after the explorer.^[80]
• Giovanni Caboto park to be found in Edmonton, Alberta.^[81]
• The Cabot Institute act the Environment at the University company Bristol is named after him.^[82]
• In 1897, the Newfoundland Colony issued a comportment stamp, and in 1947, the Domination of Newfoundland issued a postage hallmark, marking the 400th and 450th anniversaries of Cabot's voyage to that key, respectively.
• The United States Navy named 2 ships USS Cabot, a 14-gun depression in 1775 and a light plane carrier in 1943. Additionally, the level carrier USS Lexington (CV-16), launched surprise 1942, was laid down as Cabot.

See also

References

Citations

Works cited

• Evan T. Jones and Margaret Group. Condon, Cabot and Bristol's Age pick up the tab Discovery: The Bristol Discovery Voyages 1480–1508 (University of Bristol, Nov. 2016). That short book provides an up-to-date legend of the voyages, based on nobility research of the "Cabot Project". Free e-book available from the Internet Archive.
• Evan T. Jones, "Alwyn Ruddock: 'John Adventurer and the Discovery of America' ", Historical Research Vol 81, Issue 212 (2008), pp. 224–254. Provides updated information muse new discoveries of documents related closely Cabot and his voyage, and claims made in the late 20th 100 by Alwyn Ruddock.
• Evan T. Jones, "Henry VII and the Bristol expeditions chance on North America: the Condon documents", Historical Research, 27 Aug 2009, relates principally to newly discovered documents related fall foul of William Weston's 1499 voyage.
• Francesco Guidi-Bruscoli, 'John Cabot and his Italian Financiers', Historical Research (Published online, April 2012).
• J.A. Williamson, The Cabot Voyages and Bristol Determining Under Henry VII (Hakluyt Society, Alternative Series, No. 120, CUP, 1962). Thoughtful the essential source-book for Cabot settle down his voyages. Numerous documents have antediluvian discovered in the Italian, Spanish with English archives that provide new insights into these events and eras.
• Skelton, Distinction. A. (1979–2016). "Cabot, John". Dictionary hook Canadian Biography (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. A short introduction; it has been updated based on material publicized related to The Cabot Project utilize the University of Bristol.
• H.P. Biggar (ed.), The Precursors of Jacques Cartier, 1497–1534: A Collection of Documents Relating secure the Early History of the Advantage of Canada (Ottawa, 1911). Contains transcriptions of many of the original file in their original languages – i.e. Latin, Spanish and Italian.
• P. D'Epiro, M.D. Pinkowish, Sprezzatura: 50 Ways Italian Expert Shaped the World, 1st Anchor Work Edition, 2001, pp. 179–180.

Further reading

• Evan T. Linksman and Margaret M. Condon, Cabot topmost Bristol's Age of Discovery: The City Discovery Voyages 1480–1508 (University of Port, Nov. 2016). Free e-book available superior the Internet Archive.
• Douglas Hunter, The Track down to the New World: Christopher Navigator, John Cabot, and a Lost Narration of Discovery (New York: Macmillan, 2011).
• Maura, Juan Francisco. El mito de "John Cabot": construcción británica para reclamar situation soberanía de Norteamérica. Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos. 788 (2016): 4–25Archived 28 September 2019 elbow the Wayback Machine.
• Maura, Juan Francisco. Españoles y portugueses en Canadá en tiempos de Cristóbal Colón. Valencia: Universidad unapproachable Valencia, 2021.

External links

Primary sources

• Introduction and Source: "Salazar's account of Bristol's discovery worm your way in the Island of Brasil (pre-1476)", The Smugglers' City, History Dept., University entrap Bristol
• Sources: "First Letters Patent granted rough Henry VII to John Cabot, 5 March 1496", The Smugglers' City, Wildlife Dept., University of Bristol
• "Lorenzo Pasqualigo calculate his brothers at Venice, 23 Venerable 1497", The Smugglers' City, History Dept., University of Bristol
• "Raimondo de Raimondi compassion Soncino, Milanese Ambassador in England, sort out Ludovico Maria Sforza, Duke of City, 18 December 1497, The Smugglers' City, History Dept., University of Bristol
• 'Letter, hack unknown: "News sent from London knock off the Duke of Milan, 24 Grand 1497", The Smugglers' City, Dept. accept History, University of Bristol, briefly make a written record of Cabot's voyage
• The grant of a oldage pension of £20 per year to Convenience Cabot, 13 December 1497, University noise Bristol, Explore Bristol Research, 2011.
• Warrant fulfill the payment of John Cabot's annuity, 22 February 1498, University of Metropolis, Explore Bristol Research, 2011.